Eating lots of citrus fruits or juices could increase the risk of cavities. Updated on January 19, 2023 Medically reviewed by Melissa Nieves, LND When it comes to the health benefits of citrus fruits, you probably already know some of them. Genuine Carotenoid Profiles in Sweet Orange. Neuroinflammation is also crucial in several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimers disease (AD) and Parkinsons disease (PD). How much fat and carbs should you consume, as per new WHO guidelines? Samie A., Sedaghat R., Baluchnejadmojarad T., Roghani M. Hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid, attenuates testicular damage in diabetic rats via inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. For instance, oranges,. A total of 135 articles, including 128 published in the years 2022 (02), 2021 (37), 2020 (35), and 2019 (30), are discussed in this review. Chen Y., Pan H.L., Hao S.X., Pan D.M., Wang G.J., Yu W.Q. Zou Z., Xi W., Hu Y., Nie C., Zhou Z. Antioxidant activity of Citrus fruits. Murador D.C., Salafia F., Zoccali M., Martins P.L.G., Ferreira A.G., Dugo P., Mondello L., De Rosso V.V., Giuffrida D. Green Extraction Approaches for Carotenoids and Esters: Characterization of Native Composition from Orange Peel. Citrus peel is a rich source of essential oils [63], carotenoids [64,65,66], pectin [67,68], flavonoids [69,70,71], and several other bioactive components with excellent antioxidant [69] and health-promoting potential [62,72,73,74]. Besides coming in many varieties, from oranges to pomelos, citrus fruits also offer a variety of health benefits. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Assessment of compounds and cytotoxicity of, Yu M., Xia Y., Xie W., Li Y., Yu X., Zheng J., Zhang Y. Enzymatic extraction of pectic oligosaccharides from finger citron (. Nutritional content. Among the cold-pressed citrus essential oil from lemon, bergamot, sweet orange, clementine, bitter orange, blood orange, mandarin (green, yellow, red), and pink grapefruit, the highest amount of limonin (21.2 mg/L) was recorded from bergamot essential oil, while essential oils from clementine and blood orange presented the lowest (0.50.9 mg/L) limonin content [58]. A medium lemon provides only about 20 calories. Eating citrus fruits could be good for your heart. With these extraction conditions, the predicted yields of hesperidin and narirutin were 45.2 and 8.76 mg/g DW, respectively, corresponding to a recovery rate of 90.4% and 94.4%, respectively. In a 90 d sub-chronic and acute oral toxicity study on Sprague Dawley rats, hesperidin isolated from the dehydrated peel of C. sinensis showed a low observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) at 1 g/kg, and a median lethal dose (LD50) of 4.83 g/kg [130]. Grapefruits can be pink, red, or white. Carotenoids are well known for their antioxidant function in the normal cellular environment [42]. (2018). Role of the Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Modulating the Cholesterol-Lowering Effects of Citrus Pectin Oligosaccharides in C57BL/6 Mice. Half a grapefruit contains the following nutrients: The flavonoids in grapefruits can help protect against some cancers, inflammation, and obesity. Vitamin C. Fact sheet for health professionals. Akragas), and pummelo (cv. Moreover, the non-volatile fraction (1 to 15% of cold-pressed citrus essential oil) is mainly composed of fatty acids, long-chain hydrocarbons, sterols, wax, and limonoids (e.g., limonin) [51]. (2018). In both developed and developing countries, there is increasing interest in "natural" products, their content of phytochemicals and antioxidants [ 250] in the fight against human ailments. Moreover, the esters of -citraurin were also detected in the flavedo of fully mature oranges. Similar to the phenolic compounds, the citrus fruit peel flavedo contains a higher amount of carotenoids than the juice sacs [41]. In a high-fructose-diet-induced type 2 diabetes model of Wistar male rats, feeding of citrus concentrate containing 0.086 mg -cryptoxanthin, 5.69 mg hesperidin, and 7.5 mg pectin for eight weeks decreased insulinemia, glycemia, and dyslipidemia by restoring the LDL-c and TG levels to be similar to the healthy group [103]. Song M.Y., Lan Y.Q., Wu X., Han Y.H., Wang M.Q., Zheng J.K., Li Z.Z., Li F., Zhou J.Z., Xiao J., et al. ), 3Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; ude.usw@iruhcrap.dasarp, 4Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; nc.ude.ulj@gnahsmx, 5Department of Biochemistry, Padmashree Institute of Management and Sciences, Bengaluru 560060, India; moc.liamg@763adwoganujrakillam. Valorization and extraction optimization of Citrus seeds for food and functional food applications. Cit1,2RhaT and two novel CitdGlcTs participate in flavor-related flavonoid metabolism during citrus fruit development. Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, http://www.ijnpnd.com/article.asp?issn=2231-0738;year=2015;volume=5;issue=4;spage=141;epage=143;aulast=Akbar, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09003?fgcd=&manu=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=Apples%2C+raw%2C+with+skin+%28Includes+foods+for+USDA%27s+Food+Distribution+Program%29&ds=&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/2156?man=&lfacet=&count=&max=&qlookup=&offset=&sort=&format=Abridged&reportfmt=other&rptfrm=&ndbno=&nutrient1=&nutrient2=&nutrient3=&subset=&totCount=&measureby=&Qv=1&Q326038=1&Q326039=1&Q326040=1&Q326041=0.5&Q326042=1&Qv=1&Q326038=1&Q326039=1&Q326040=1&Q326041=1&Q326042=1, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09040?fgcd=&manu=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=Bananas%2C+raw&ds=&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09042?man=&lfacet=&count=&max=25&qlookup=blackberries&offset=&sort=default&format=Abridged&reportfmt=other&rptfrm=&ndbno=&nutrient1=&nutrient2=&nutrient3=&subset=&totCount=&measureby=&Qv=1&Q326059=0.5&Qv=1&Q326059=1, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09050?man=&lfacet=&count=&max=25&qlookup=blueberries&offset=&sort=default&format=Abridged&reportfmt=other&rptfrm=&ndbno=&nutrient1=&nutrient2=&nutrient3=&subset=&totCount=&measureby=&Qv=1&Q326065=0.5&Q326066=50.0&Qv=1&Q326065=1&Q326066=50.0, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09112?fgcd=&manu=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=grapefruit&ds=SR&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09152?fgcd=&manu=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=Lemon+juice%2C+raw&ds=&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/2261?fgcd=&manu=&lfacet=&format=&count=&max=35&offset=&sort=&qlookup=lime, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09203?fgcd=&manu=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=orange&ds=SR&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09266?fgcd=&manu=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=pineapple&ds=SR&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09286?fgcd=&manu=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=Pomegranates%2C+raw&ds=&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=, https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/09316?man=&lfacet=&count=&max=25&qlookup=strawberry&offset=&sort=default&format=Abridged&reportfmt=other&rptfrm=&ndbno=&nutrient1=&nutrient2=&nutrient3=&subset=&totCount=&measureby=&Qv=1&Q326479=1&Q326481=1&Q326482=1&Q326483=1&Q326484=1&Q326485=3&Q326486=1&Q326487=1&Q326488=1&Q326480=1&Qv=1&Q326479=1&Q326481=1&Q326482=1&Q326483=1&Q326484=1&Q326485=1&Q326486=1&Q326487=1&Q326488=1&Q326480=1, https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.122408, https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0390.htm, http://alighahary.ca/the-healthiest-fruits/, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3d51/9765af232d4bd9c21b8a86ec282aed59cd44.pdf, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1021949816301843, https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/7/6/3959/htm, http://interscience.org.uk/v3-i1/8%20ijahm.pdf, https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/fats/monounsaturated-fats, https://nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12937-015-0040-1, https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Potassium-HealthProfessional/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1658077X16300960, https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/interactivenutritionfactslabel/factsheets/vitamin_and_mineral_chart.pdf, https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/, https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-Consumer/, Dementia: Olive oil could boost brain health, according to new study, 2 glasses of 'non-alcoholic' wine a day may help improve aging skin. In addition, citrus essential oil, rich in terpenes (e.g., D-limonene) and limonoids (limonin), is an economically important product due to its flavoring, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and other health-beneficial properties. Accumulation of red apocarotenoid beta-citraurin in peel of a spontaneous mutant of huyou (, Dhakane-Lad J., Kar A. Supercritical CO2 extraction of lycopene from pink grapefruit (, Wang F., Lin J.R., Xu L.L., Peng Q.Q., Huang H.Y., Tong L.J., Lu Q., Wang C.C., Yang L. On higher nutritional and medical properties of a carotenoid-rich mutant pomelo (, Petry F.C., de Nadai F.B., Cristofani-Yaly M., Latado R.R., Mercadante A.Z. In addition to the flavors that rank them among the most preferred fruits and juices, oranges and other citrus fruits are commonly recognized as an important source of vitamin C, one of the main reasons for the large consumption of fresh citrus fruit and juice worldwide. In the extracted juice, the natural acidity of the juice catalyzes the isomerization and rearrangement of 5,6-epoxy-carotenoids (e.g., violaxanthin and antheraxanthin) to their respective 5,8-epoxy-carotenoids (e.g., luteoxanthin, mutatoxanthin, auroxanthin) [44]. Mohanapriya, M. (2013). The Th2 cytokine expression is regulated by transcription factors, including the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) [84]. Victoria-Montesinos D., Abelln Ruiz M.S., Luque Rubia A.J., Guilln Martnez D., Prez-Piero S., Snchez Macarro M., Garca-Muoz A.M., Cnovas Garca F., Castillo Snchez J., Lpez-Romn F.J. People can eat them raw or add them to breakfast cereals or yogurt, blend them into a smoothie, or make them into jam. Brasili et al. The essential oil obtained mainly from the flavedo of citrus fruits is an economically important product with beneficial health activities due to the presence of terpenes and limonoids with other bioactive components, including flavonoids, carotenoids, and coumarins [51,52]. The major bioactive compounds (terpenes and limonoids) of citrus essential oil. Blackberries contain many seeds, so they have a high fiber content. Tarocco) flavedo, lemon (cv. Dietary carotenoids in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy: A review of emerging evidence. You can find all kinds of citrus fruits year round. Li Z.H., Cai M., Liu Y.S., Sun P.L., Luo S.L. Citrus : An Overview of Food Uses and Health Benefits The gastrointestinal microbiota composition plays a vital role in host physiology, nutrition, and metabolism [110]. Antidepressant-like Effect of. The essential oil from oranges and its main component limonene have shown an antidepressant-like effect in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) male Kunming mice mouse model by restoring the decreased curiosity and mobility, reduced body weight gain, reduced sucrose preference, decreased levels of monoamine neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) and its receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression in the hippocampus, and increased levels of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and corticosterone (CORT) [106]. The Antioxidant Activity of Limonene Counteracts Neurotoxicity Triggered byA1-42 Oligomers in Primary Cortical Neurons. 2023 Healthline Media LLC. Potassium. Everything You Need to Know. Many studies have linked citrus fruits to a reduced risk of certain cancers (1). A medium slice of pineapple also contains the following nutrients: Read more about the benefits of pineapple, the pineapple juice, and potential bromelain benefits. In part, these diseases are caused by inflammation. Received 2021 Dec 24; Accepted 2022 Jan 24. Eating a lot of fiber and leafy greens allows you to develop an ideal . The carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases, i.e., the (CCDs)/9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED)-mediated cleavage of carotenoids, gives rise to ecologically and nutritionally important apocarotenoids [46]. Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms of Essential Oil from. Citrus fruits are packed with immune-boosting vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Overall, citrus fruits are healthy, low in calories and convenient to eat. Carotenoid extraction methods: A review of recent developments. They're Rich in Vitamins and Plant Compounds Citrus fruits are an excellent source of vitamin C, a nutrient that strengthens the immune system and keeps your skin smooth and elastic ( 2, 3, 4,. 5 Foods to Improve Your Digestion | Johns Hopkins Medicine Zhang H.J., Tian G.F., Zhao C.Y., Han Y.H., DiMarco-Crook C., Lu C., Bao Y.M., Li C.X., Xiao H., Zheng J.K. Health benefits of citrus fruit bioactive compounds demonstrated using the animal models. Anxiety and depression are the most common forms of neuropsychiatric disorders [106]. Moreover, polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs), a unique class of bioactive flavonoids, abundantly occur in citrus fruits. Moreover, the utilization of citrus pomace can create a surplus revenue that can substantially improve the economics of citrus fruit processing.
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